Two-component yarns

ABSTRACT

A two-component yarn, one of the components consisting of an endless yarn core deformable partly elastically and partly plastically, the other component consisting of staple fibres and slippable with respect to the core if the yarn undergoes appreciable expansion or elongation. The staple fibres may surround the endless yarn in the form of a spun covering, or be twisted around the endless yarn in the form of a thread or yarn. The staple fibres consists of cotton, rayon staple or plastics fibres and the endless yarn of unstretched synthetic material such as Nylon, polyester or similar plastics. The two-component yarn can be used to produce various threads, fabrics, woven materials, plaited materials, non-woven materials of parallel strands or other flat textiles of high strength and great uniformity.

[111 3,828,544 [451 Aug. 13, 1974 TWO-COMPONENT YARNS [75] Inventor: Heinrich Alker, Solingen, Germany [73] -Assignee: Firma Olbo Textilwerke GmbH,

Solingen-Ohligs, Germany [22] Filed: Oct. '3, 1972 [21] Appl. No.: 294,674

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Oct. 4, 1971 Germany 2149426 [52] US. Cl. 57/152, 57/140 BY, 87/6 [51] Int. Cl. D02g 3/36 [58] Field of Search... 57/139, 144, 140 R, 140 BY, 57/152, 157 R, 160, 163, 3, 5; 87/6, 7

3,487,628 1/1970 Csok 57/163 X Primary ExaminerDonald E. Watkins Attorney, Agent, or FirmMandeville and Schweitzer [57] ABSTRACT A two-component yarn, one of the components consisting of an endless yarn core deformable partly elastically and partly plastically, the other component consisting of staple fibres and slippable with respect to the core if the yarn undergoes appreciable expansion or elongation. The staple fibres may surround the endless yarn in the form of a spun covering, or be twisted around the endless yarn in the form of a thread or yarn. The staple fibres consists of cotton, rayon staple or plastics fibres and the endless yarn of 'unstretched synthetic material such as Nylon, polyester or similar plastics.

The two-component yarn can be used to produce various threads, fabrics, woven materials, plaited materials, non-woven materials of parallel strands or other flat textiles of high strength and great uniformity.

9 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures PAIENIEB we: 3mm

FIG. 1

TWO-COMPONENT YARNS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a two-component yarn.

Two-component yarns in the form of so-called corespun yarns consisting of synthetic threads or the like with a spun covering are known. Core-spun yarns are produced in order to give synthetic threads or synthetic yarns a textile character, but little attention has so far been paid to the strength properties of the two components of this yarn. On the contrary, the strength of the synthetic threads has been entirely relied upon to give the core-spun yarns the required strength, the textile covering having been regarded merely as an outer protection.

The general object of the present invention, on the other hand, is to provide a two-component yarn of which the two components are adapted to each other and arranged in respect of each other in such a way as to produce a new type of yarn which will completely retain its character even after undergoing appreciable elongation.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Toachieve this object, in accordance with the present invention there is provided a two-component yarn wherein one of its components consists of an endless yarn core deformable partly elastically and partly plastically, its other component consisting of staple fibres and slippable with respect to the core if the yarn core undergoes appreciable expansion or elongation. This two-component yarn according to the invention thus comprises plastic component of stable shape and a component in which the individual strands thereof are capable of slipping with respect to each other and the core and which more or less surrounds the first component, which offers the advantage that the component consisting of the staple fibres always surrounds or supplements that consisting of endless thread in the desired manner, even in the event of appreciable elongation, i.e., the component consisting of staple fibres does not break if the endless yarnundergoes appreciable elongation but only if the latter itself breaks. The strength and load-resisting properties of the twocomponent yarn to which the invention relates are thus determined solely by the endless yarn, but the textile character of this two-component yarn remains practically unaltered even in the event of appreciable elongation. This offers the advantage that even when subjected to extra loads the two-component yarn will not separate into its respective components, so that it is suitable for numerous applications, e.g. as filling thread for fabric inserts for the substructure of vehicle tires or for other industrial textiles which are subjected to considerable strains and which are highly extensible elastically and/or plastically.

In one preferred practical version of the invention the staple fibres surround the endless yarn in the form of a spun covering. It is also possible, however, to form from the staple fibres a thread or yarn which is twisted around the endless yarn.

The component consisting of the staple fibres, in the form of thread or yarn, preferably has a tensile strength of at least 50g. The twists of this covering component are so arranged, that above this strength the staple fibres of this component slip apart. The component consisting of staple fibres is thus prevented from breaking even if the two-component yarn is subjected to high loads or elongation.

The other component, consisting of endless yarn, has an expansion or elongation of at least 60 percent with a tensile strength of 200 g. Such high expansion capacity cannot be found in conventional textile yarns, so that with the known two-component yarns it was hitherto not possible to admit such a degree of expansion or elongation, unless the risk of breakage in the textile covering component could be accepted.

For example, the staple fibres consist of cotton, rayon staple or plastic fibres and the endless yarn of unstretched synthetic material such as nylon, polyester or similar plastics. Materials of this kind are suitable as a means of enabling the staple fibre component to slip in the desired manner in the aforementioned load range without the breaking of the thread and of rendering the desired high degree of expansion of elongation to be obtained in the two-component yarn without depriving it of its textile character.

The two components of the yarn can be twisted together if they are both present as yarns. It is also possible, however, for the two components to be spun together. The spinning machine devices required for this purpose are largely known but have to be adapted to the very sensitive unstretched plastics material of which one of the components consists.

Owing to the component of stable shape, consisting of endless yarn, the two-component yarn to which the invention relates can be spun with a high degree of expansion or elongation.

A fabric produced from two-component yarn according to the invention can also be shaped in a simple manner and possibly fixed.

The yarn according to the invention is used, in particular, for the purpose of producing various threads, fabrics, woven materials, plaited materials, non-woven materials of parallel strands or other flat textiles of higher strength and greater uniformity than was possible previously.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Embodiments of the invention will now be described byway of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:

FIG. 1 shows a two-component yarn according to the invention with a core of endless yarn with a spun covering of staple fibres;

FIG. 2 is a cross-section, on a larger scale, through the two-component yarn shown in FIG. I; and

FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of a twocomponent yarn'in accordance with the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The first version of a two-component yarn ll according to the invention, shown in FIG. 1 in more than normal size and in FIG. 2 on a still larger scale, has a core 2, made of an unstretched plastics, such as nylon or polyester, with a covering 3 of staple fibres. The covering 3 is spun around the core 2. The staple fibres may be of cotton, rayon staple or plastics.

The core 2, consisting of endless yarn, is highly expansible elastically and/or plastically and thus constitutes that component of the yarn I which is of stable shape.

The outer covering 3, on the other hand, owing to its formation and material, is capable of slipping within the range of the higher degree of elongation allowed by the core 2, if the two-component yarn is subjected to excessive expansion or elongation, i.e. the outer covering 3 will not break away from the core 2 or suffer any breakages or otherwise become detached but is capable of following all the movements performed by the said core 2.

A two-component yarn 4 shown in FIG. 3 consists of two yarns and 6 twisted together, the yarn 5 again consisting of endless yarn of unstretched plastics such as nylon or polyester, while the yarn 6 consists of staple fibres, such as cotton, rayon staple or plastics fibres. In this case likewise the yarn 5 constitutes the component of stable shape, with high elastic and/or plastic expansibility, e.g. allowing expansion or elongation of at least 60 percent, with a tensile strength of 200 g., while the yarn 6 having a tensile strength of at least 50g., is capable of slipping, without breaking, in the range of higher elongation, so that the two-component yarn 4 will not separate or break even when subjected to excessive loads or elongation. The component consisting of staple fibres will thus not break before the component of stable shape.

The two-component yarn 4 shown in FIG. 3 is likewise illustrated in a size considerably exceeding the normal dimensions. The twisting between the two yarns 5 and 6 can also be more intensive than shown in the drawing.

I claim:

1. A two-component yarn comprising a first component of an endless unstretched yarn core; said first component being deformable elastically and plastically; and a second component substantially surrounding said first component; and said second component being slippable with respect to said core when said core undergoes appreciable expansion or elongation.

2. Yarn in accordance with claim 1, wherein the two components consist of yarns twisted together.

3. Yarn in accordance with claim 1, wherein said second component comprises staple fibres which are spun around the endless yarn.

4. Yarn in accordance with claim 1, wherein said first component, in the form of thread or yarn, has a strength of at least 50g.

5. Yarn in accordance with claim 4, wherein the individual fibres of said second component slip apart when subjected to a higher load than 50g.

6. Yarn in accordance with claim 1, wherein said first component has an expansion or elongation of at least percent with a tensile strength of 200g.

7. Yarn in accordance with claim 1, wherein said second component comprises staple fibres consisting of cotton, rayon staple, or plastics such as nylon, polyester or similar plastics.

8. Yarn in accordance with claim 1, wherein said first component consists of nylon, polyester or similar plastics.

9. A textile fabric comprised of the said twocomponent yarn of claim 1. 

2. Yarn in accordance with claim 1, wherein the two components consist of yarns twisted together.
 3. Yarn in accordance with claim 1, wherein said second component comprises staple fibres which are spun around the endless yarn.
 4. Yarn in accordance with claim 1, wherein said first component, in the form of thread or yarn, has a strength of at least 50g.
 5. Yarn in accordance with claim 4, wherein the individual fibres of said second component slip apart when subjected to a higher load than 50g.
 6. Yarn in accordance with claim 1, wherein said first component has an expansion or elongation of at least 60 percent with a tensile strength of 200g.
 7. Yarn in accordance with claim 1, wherein said second component comprises staple fibres consisting of cotton, rayon staple, or plastics such as nylon, polyester or similar plastics.
 8. Yarn in accordance with claim 1, wherein said first component consists of nylon, polyester or similar plastics.
 9. A textile fabric comprised of the said two-component yarn of claim
 1. 